Catalogue |
Corresponding author: Igor V. Muratov ( imuratov@nmsa.org.za ) Academic editor: David G. Herbert
© 2020 Igor V. Muratov, Elodie Heyns-Veale.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Muratov IV, Heyns-Veale E (2020) Primary types in the collection of molluscs in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum: Patellogastropoda and Lepetellida. African Invertebrates 61(1): 49-81. https://doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.61.51989
|
All primary (name-bearing) types of Patelloidea, Lottioidea, Fissurelloidea and Scissurelloidea deposited in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum are presented. The reference to the original publication, including the original generic position, the type locality, the collector and the cited dimensions of the type specimen(s), is provided for each species, followed by information from the label for each type in the
Fissurelloidea, Lottioidea, Mollusca, Patelloidea, Scissurelloidea
All primary (name-bearing) types of Patellogastropoda (Patellidae and Lottiidae) and part of Vetigastropoda (Lepetellida: Fissurelloidea and Scissurelloidea) deposited in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum (
Five shells of “Acmaea” albonotata E.A. Smith, 1901 (
The “neotype” of “Patella” obtecta Krauss, 1848: 47–48, Tab. III, fig. 11 (
The collection of the primary types of Patelloidea, Lottioidea, Fissurelloidea and Scissurelloidea in the KwaZulu-Natal Museum consists of 19 holotypes, one syntype and one neotype, all collected along the eastern coastline of South Africa, from Sodwana Bay in the north to Port Alfred in the south.
The reference to the original publication, including the original generic position, the type locality, the collector and the cited dimensions of the primary type specimen(s), is provided for each species. This information on the original description is followed by the details from the label for each type in the
All shells were measured under a stereomicroscope using an ocular micrometer, separately calibrated for each standard magnification against a Vernier Calliper. Shells larger than 10 mm were measured by the same Calliper. All scales were individually calculated for each illustrated shell and corresponding scales for each photograph were resized to match the illustrated scale. All shell sizes are given using the following template: D×sD×H, where D is major diameter, sD is smaller diameter (90° to D) and H is height. None of the shells were cleaned to avoid possible damage and none of the shells were damaged during preparation of this publication.
The following acronyms and abbreviations are used: ICZN – International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; MN – research vessel Meiring Naudé; n/d – no data;
Class Gastropoda Cuvier, 1795
Subclass Patellogastropoda Lindberg, 1986
Family Patellidae Rafinesque, 1815
aphanes Robson, 1986: 306, figs 1–3 (holotype), figs 4–11 (paratypes) [Patella, Hibberdene, Natal South Coast (G. Robson, 15 October 1985): 22.1×17.4×9.7 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Hibberdene; 15 Oct. 1985; G. Robson leg.; on Perna perna, LST rocks; T3285;
Paratypes. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Vidal; 16 Nov. 1971; R. Kilburn leg.; T3324;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Mapelane; Nov. 1983; R. Kilburn leg.; T3325;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Chaka’s Rock, intertidal zone, 24 Feb. 1985; D. Herbert leg.; on Perna perna; T3296;
South Africa • 2; KwaZulu-Natal, Reunion Rocks, intertidal zone; 7 Feb. 1985; R. Kilburn, D. Herbert, R. Fregona leg.; T3322;
South Africa • 7 of 8; same data as holotype, figured (figs 4–11) in the original description; T3295;
South Africa • 40 in ethanol; same data as holotype (mussel-dwelling); T3327;
South Africa • 10 in ethanol; same data as holotype (Lithophyllum coated rocks); T3328;
South Africa • 2 of 3; KwaZulu-Natal, Port Edward; Jul. 1977; Marais leg.; T3286;
South Africa • 14 of 18 in ethanol, one without soft parts; KwaZulu-Natal, Port Edward; 27–28 Aug. 1977; Marais leg.; on Perna; T4328;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, Lwandile/Mdumbi; Jul. 1981; R. Kilburn, R. Fregona leg.; T3326;
South Africa • 5; Eastern Cape, Coffee Bay; Y. McLellan leg.; ex Albany Mus. 1980; T3321;
South Africa • 4; Eastern Cape, Mkambati area, Mgwetyane R. mouth; R. Kilburn leg.; Aug. 1983; T3320;
South Africa • 3; Eastern Cape, Dwesa; May 1984; R. Kilburn leg.; Beach drift; T3323;
Scutellastra aphanes (Robson, 1986);
There are 18 paratypes in ethanol mentioned in the original description under A6281/T3286. However, this number refers to 3 paratypes (T3286/
Family Lottiidae Gray, 1840
maraisi R.N. Kilburn, 1977: 174, figs 1–3 (holotype) [Acmaea (Tectura), TRANSKEI: Mzamba (Fossil Head), near the Mtamvuna River mouth (J.P. Marais): 3.2×3.0×2.3 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, Mzamba, beach drift; Apr. 1976; J.P. Marais leg.; don. J.P. Marais, 06 May 1976; T2051;
Paratypes. South Africa • 10; same data as holotype; T2061;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, Mzamba; May 1977; R. Kilburn leg.; T2148;
Asteracmea maraisi (Kilburn, 1977);
Generic position of this species remains uncertain. Its relation to Asteracmea has been suggested in the original description (
Subclass Vetigastropoda Salvini-Plawen, 1980
Order Lepetellida Moskalev, 1971
Family Fissurellidae J. Fleming, 1822
Subfamily Diodorinae Odhner, 1932
fuscocrenulata E.A. Smith, 1906: 56–57, Pl VIII, fig. 6 [Glyphis, Port Shepstone and Umkomaas, Natal: 16×11.25×6 mm].
Diodora fuscocrenulata (E. A. Smith, 1906);
The shell (
procurva Herbert, 1989: 173, figs 1–3, 7 (holotype), 4–6 (paratype) [Diodora, off Mbashe River, Transkei (32°18.2'S, 29°04.1'E), 200–220 m, sponge rubble. Dredged R.V. Meiring Naudé: 31.4×21.8 mm, height 21.7 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mbashe River, 32°18.2'S, 29°04.1'E, depth 200–220 m, station Q1; 18 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; sponge rubble; T124;
Paratypes. South Africa • 2; same data as holotype; T125;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Nqabara Point, 32°25.9'S, 28°56.5'E, depth 130–150 m, station S7; 9 Jun 1983; dredged MN; sponges and stylasterids; T126;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Qora River, 32°55.6'S, 28°49.0'E, depth 480–490 m, station U14; 14 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; sandy mud; T128;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, S.E. of Sheffield Beach, 29°33.5'S, 31°47.0'E, depth 180 m, station XX135; 14 Jun. 1988; dredged MN; sponge rubble; T127;
South Africa • 5; KwaZulu-Natal, S.E. of Neill Peak (Cunge), 28°44.4'S, 32°32.2'E, depth 320–340 m, station ZP5; 12 Jun. 1988; dredged MN; sandy mud; T129;
Diodora procurva Herbert, 1989; original combination.
connelli Kilburn, 1978: 437–439, Pl. 4b, f [Emarginula, off Sodwana Bay, Zululand in 100 m (ex C.S.I.R. Water Research): 6.9×4.8×5.2 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Sodwana Bay, depth 100 m, station G3; ex C.S.I.R. Water Research; T2199;
Emarginula connelli Kilburn, 1978; original combination.
Was known in 1978 only from the type locality. However, one paratype of Emarginula thorektes Kilburn, 1978 (T2192/
koon Kilburn, 1978: 439–440, Pl. 5, 10 [Emarginula, Shelly Beach, near Port Shepstone (don. R. Cock): 18.0×12.9×7.9 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Shelly Beach, near Port Shepstone; don. R. Cock, Nov. 1975; T2196;
Paratypes. South Africa • 2; Same data as holotype; T2195;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Port Shepstone; H. Burnup leg.; T2194;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, Mzamba; 25–26 Sep. 1976; R. Kilburn leg.; T2151;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Durban; J.F. Quekett, collection of Burnup; T2198;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, south coast, Palm Beach; R. Cock leg.; T2197;
Emarginula koon Kilburn, 1978; original combination.
macclurgi Kilburn, 1978: 443–444, Pl. 7 [Emarginula, off St Lucia Lighthouse, Zululand, in 100 m, mud and pebble bottom (C.S.I.R Water Research bottom sample): 8.7×6.7×4.0 mm].
Emarginula macclurgi Kilburn, 1978; original combination.
Subsequent to the original description, at which time Emarginula macclurgi was only known by a single specimen, this species has been collected along the eastern coast of South Africa, from Mission Rocks in the northern KwaZulu-Natal (28°17.5'S, 32°34.2'E) to Mbashe River in the south (32°20.6'S, 29°00.2'E) in depths ranging from 60 to 175 m.
phrygium Herbert & Kilburn, 1986: 10, figs 30–34 [Emarginula, off Qora River, Transkei (32°34.0'S, 28°49.7'E), depth 400–420 m. Coarse, slightly muddy sand (dredged Meiring Naudé): 5.8×4.7, height 3.7 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Qora River, 32°34.0'S, 28°49.7'E, depth 400–420 m, station U13, 12 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; coarse slightly muddy sand; T3012;
Emarginula phrygium Herbert & Kilburn, 1986; original combination.
thorektes Kilburn, 1978: 440–442, Pl. 6a,b (holotype), 6c (paratype) [Emarginula, Shelly Beach, near Port Shepstone (leg. L. and R. Cock): 8.7×5.8×4.0 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Shelly Beach, near Port Shepstone; don. Mrs. R. Cock, Nov. 1975; T2193;
Paratypes. South Africa • juvenile; KwaZulu-Natal, off Sodwana Bay, depth 50 m, ex C.S.I.R. Department of Water Research; shell and coral sand, foraminifera; T2191;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, off Port Edward, depth 100 m; 18 Oct. 1976; ex C.S.I.R. Department of Water Research; fine shell sand; T2192;
Emarginula thorektes Kilburn, 1978; original combination.
One paratype (T2192/
viridicana Herbert & Kilburn, 1986: 12, figs 45, 46 (holotype), 47, 49–50 (paratypes) [Emarginula, off Park Rynie (approx. 30°21'S, 30°51'E), living, 110 m, sponge rubble. Dredged MN: 15.1×10.6, height 9.4 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • soft parts in ethanol; KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, depth 110 m, dredged; 2 Mar. 1981; R. Kilburn leg.; sponge rubble; T3021;
Paratypes. South Africa • soft parts in ethanol; same data as holotype; T3022;
South Africa • 2; dried soft parts; KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, depth 100 m; 2 Mar. 1981; dredged, R. Kilburn; sand and sponge rubble; T3023;
South Africa • dried soft parts; KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, depth 120 m, 2 Mar. 1981; dredged, R. Kilburn; rubble and solitary coral; T3024;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, 30°22.8'S, 30°51.3'E, depth 142 m, station X5; 19 Aug. 1981; dredged MN; some sand, sponge rubble; T3025;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, off Trafalgar, 31°01.2'S, 30°22.9'E, depth 120 m, station X4; 22 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; sand, sponge; T3026;
South Africa • soft parts in ethanol; KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, 30°23.8'S, 30°50.0'E, depth 101 m, station X10; 19 Aug. 1981; dredged MN; some sand, sponge rubble; T3027;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, 30°20.7'S, 30°51.6'E, depth 105 m, station XX18; 10 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; sponge rubble; T3028;
South Africa • soft parts in ethanol; KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, depth 100 m; 5 Mar. 1981; dredged, R. Kilburn sand; T3029;
South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, off Park Rynie, depth 100 m; 4 Mar. 1981; dredged, R. Kilburn; sand, sponge rubble; T3036;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mzamba River, 31°06.0'S, 30°18.3'E, depth 100 m, station XX2; 15 Jun. 1983; dredged MN; sponge rubble; T3035;
Emarginula viridicana Herbert & Kilburn, 1978; original combination.
One paratype (
christiaensi Kilburn, 1978: 448, Plate 9c–e, 10 [Puncturella (Vacerrena), off Sordwana [sic] Bay, Zululand, 50 m, in shell grit (C.S.I.R. Department of Water Research): ~1.9×n/d×1.5 mm, basal length 1.65 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, off Sodwana Bay, depth 50 m, C.S.I.R. Water Res; shell grit; T2204;
Paratypes. South Africa • 3 of 5; same data as holotype; T2205;
South Africa • 2; KwaZulu-Natal, off Kosi Bay, depth 50 m; C.S.I.R. Water Res; in shell drift; T2206;
Vacerrena nana (H. Adams, 1872);
The shell of the holotype was damaged after the photos for the original description were made. The damage was first discovered in March 2012 by the first author and the part that was broken off was not located. Another set of dimensions (1.6×1.5 mm) is given in the figure captions for the plate 9(c–e) in the original description. We were unable to locate two out of five paratypes (T2205/
onychoides Herbert & Kilburn, 1986: 24, figs 87 (holotype), 88–89 (paratype) [Fissurisepta, off Shixini Point, Transkei, 32°31.2'S, 28°52.2'E, 300 m, course sand, broken shell. Dredged MN: 3.6×2.6 mm, height 4.9].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Shixini point, 32°31.2'S, 28°52.2'E, depth 300 m, station T14; 11 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; broken shell, course sand; T3017;
Paratypes. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Rame Head, 31°57.3'S, 29°25.5'E, depth 380 m, station K14; 20 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; coarse sand, old shell debris; T3016;
South Africa • same data as
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Rame Head, 31°56.1'S, 29°26.5'E, depth 410–430 m, station K13; 20 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; stones, some sand; T3031;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Whale Rock, 32°00.9'S, 29°21.8'E, depth 400–420 m, station M7, 20 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; coarse sand, old shell debris, stones; T3033;
South Africa • 3; Eastern Cape, off Stony Point, 32°37.5'S, 28°45.8'E, depth 390–400 m, station V11; 12 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; muddy sand, small stones; T3034;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mgazi River, 31°44.8'S, 29°33.0'E, depth 370 m, station J8; 4 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; soft black mud, few rocks, large crinoids; T3086;
South Africa •3 Eastern Cape, off Mbashe River, 32°23.6'S, 28°59.2'E, depth 295–350 m, station Q17; 6 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; coarse sand; T3087;
South Africa • 5 of 6; KwaZulu-Natal, off Umlaas Canal, 30°02.2'S, 31°03.9'E, depth 250 m, station XX67; 9 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; coarse sand; T3085;
South Africa • 4 of 8 or 7; KwaZulu-Natal, off Amanzimtoti, 30°04.7'S, 31°03.3'E, depth 300–305 m, station XX66; 9 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; medium sand; T3084;
Cornisepta onychoides (Herbert & Kilburn, 1986);
One paratype (T3085/
voraginosa Herbert & Kilburn, 1986: 18, figs 66–70 [Puncturella (Puncturella s.l.), off Port Grosvenor, Transkei (29°57.6'S, 31°26.2'E) [sic], 100–115 m, sand, some mud, solitary corals and shells. Dredged MN: 2.3×1.7 mm, height 1.3 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Port Grosvenor, 31°26.2'S, 29°57.6'E, depth 100–115 m, station D3; Aug. 1981; dredged MN; sand, some mud, solitary corals, shells; T3020;
Paratypes. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Rame Head, 31°56.1'S, 29°26.5'E, depth 410–430 m, station K13; 20 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; stones, some sand; T3019;
South Africa • same data as paratype
South Africa • same data as paratype
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mgazi River, depth 180 m, 31°44.7'S, 29°33.7'E, station J1; 4 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; soft mud; T3040;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mgazi River, 31°44.8'S, 29°33.0'E, depth 370 m, station J8, 4 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; soft black mud, few rocks, large crinoids; TI083;
Profundisepta voraginosa (Herbert & Kilburn, 1986);
South and East were reversed for the coordinates in the original description (that would place type locality to incorrect position ~40 km ESE off Durban at 438 m depth).
serraticosta Herbert & Kilburn, 1986: 20, figs 71–74 [Puncturella (Cranopsis), off Shixini Point, Transkei (32°31.6'S, 28°53.0'E), 500 m. Dredged MN: 10,0×6,9 mm, height 6,4 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Shixini point, 32°31.6'S, 28°53.0'E, depth 500 m; station T17; 13 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; muddy sand, coral rubble; T3013;
Paratypes. South Africa • same data as holotype; T3014;
Puncturella serraticosta Herbert & Kilburn, 1986; original combination.
Another set of dimensions of the holotype is indicated in the figure caption of the original description: “9.9×6.9 mm, height 6.3 mm”. Cranopsis A. Adams, 1860 has been synonymised with Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827 (
rhips Herbert & Kilburn, 1986: 25, figs 84–86 [Rimula, off Port Grosvenor, Transkei (39°57.2'S, 31°25.9'E) [sic], 120–128 m, coarse sand, some mud, solitary coral, shells. Dredged MN: 9.4×6.7×height 4.1 mm].
Holotype.
South Africa • Eastern Cape, Port Grosvenor, 31°25.9'S, 29°57.9'E, depth 120–128 m, station D2; Aug. 1981; dredged MN; coarse sand, some mud, solitary coral, shells; T3018;
Rimula rhips Herbert & Kilburn, 1986; original combination.
The coordinates in the original description were incorrectly recorded; latitude and longitude were swopped, and it should be 29°E instead of 39°S. Subsequent to the original description, at which time Rimula rhips was only known by a single specimen, this species has been collected between 40 and 128 m deep up to Boteler Point, 27°01.1'S, 32°55.2'E, close to the border between South Africa and Mozambique.
platyactis
McLean & Kilburn, 1986: 9–11, figs 3 (paratype), 24 (holotype), 25 (paratype
Holotype. South Africa • soft parts in ethanol; Eastern Cape, Port Alfred; collected by R. Kilburn, 1966, donated in Sep. 1969; T2744;
Paratypes. South Africa • soft parts in ethanol; Western Cape: Cape Peninsula, Kommetjie, C.M. Connolly leg.; T3008;
South Africa • 1 of 3, soft parts in ethanol; Eastern Cape, E. of East London, Kwelera; C.M. Connolly leg.; T3058;
South Africa • 6; Western Cape, False Bay, Simonstown, C.M. Connolly leg.; T3009;
Amblychilepas platyactis McLean & Kilburn, 1986; original combination.
It could be difficult to recognise anterior and posterior ends in a side view of a shell of this species. The original description states that shell is “slightly narrowed anteriorly” (
Family Anatomidae McLean, 1989
agulhasensis Thiele, 1925: 41(7), Pl. 13(I), fig. 2 [Scissurella, From station 104 (35°16'S, 22°26.7'E, 155 m, in the Agulhas current (S.S. Valdivia): diameter 2.5 mm].
Neotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mtamvuna River, 31°09.7'S, 30°15.3'E, depth 120–140 m, station A7; Aug. 1981; dredged MN; sponge rubble; T1916;
Anatoma agulhasensis (Thiele, 1925);
Neotype designated by
yaroni Herbert, 1986: 610, 613–617, figs 1, 2 (radula), 4 (paratype), 15,17 (paratype), 16 (holotype) [Anatoma, off Shixini Point, Transkei (32°31.7'S, 28°52.7'E), 490 m, muddy sand, coral rubble (dredged Meiring Naudé): 4.5×n/d×3.8 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Shixini point, 32°31.7'S, 28°52.7'E, depth 490 m, station T18, 13 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; muddy sand, coral rubble; T3258;
Paratypes. South Africa • same data as holotype; T3259;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Qora River, 32°35.4'S, 28°49.2'E, depth 450–460 m, station U15; 14 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; sandy mud; T3260;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Whale Rock, 32°02.0'S, 29°21.8'E, depth 430–450 m, station M19; 3 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; fine muddy sand, T3261;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Whale Rock, 32°00.9'S, 29°21.8'E, depth 400–420 m, station M7; 20 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; coarse sand, old shell debris, stones; T3262;
South Africa • 3; Eastern Cape, off Rame Head, 31°57.3'S, 29°25.5'E, depth 380 m, station K14; 20 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; coarse sand, old shell debris; T3263;
South Africa • 3; Eastern Cape, off Stony Point, 32°37.8'S, 28°45.9'E, depth 395 m, station V7; 14 Jun. 1983; dredged MN; sponge and stone; T3264;
South Africa • 2; Eastern Cape, off Kei River, 32°50.0'S, 28°33.0'E, depth 450 m, station Z7; 14 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; muddy sand with stones; T3265;
South Africa • 2; Eastern Cape, off Qolora River, 32°47.6'S, 28°36.6'E, depth 510 m, station W13; 14 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; sandy mud; T3266;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mendu Point, 32°22.0'S, 29°01.2'E, depth 405–420 m, station R8; 8 Jun. 1983; dredged MN; fine sand; T3267;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mbashe River, 32°23.6'S, 28°59.2'E, depth 295–350 m, station Q17; 6 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; coarse sand; T3268;
South Africa • 2; Eastern Cape, off Nthlonyane River, 32°17.4'S, 29°05.6'E, depth 340–450 m, station P12; 5 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; dead Dendrophyllia; T3269;
South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Whale Rock, 32°02.3'S, 29°19.9'E, depth 350 m, station M15; 3 Jul. 1985; dredged MN; fine muddy sand; T3270;
South Africa • 12; Eastern Cape, off Shixini Point, 32°31.6'S, 28°53.0'E, depth 500 m, station T17; 13 Jul. 1984; dredged MN; muddy sand, coral rubble; T3256
South Africa • 8; same data as holotype; T3257;
Anatoma yaroni Herbert, 1986; original combination.
Radula, illustrated on the figures 1, 2 in the original publication, is from the specimen
maraisorum Geiger, 2006: 10–11, figs 7 (holotype), 8 (paratypes) [Scissurella, 20 m, Aliwal Shoal, KwaZulu-Natal south coast, Republic of South Africa. June 2003. 30.250°S, 30.817°E (col. J.P. and A.P. Marais): 0.72 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • KwaZulu-Natal, Aliwal Shoal, 30.2507°S, 30.8177°E, depth 20 m; SCUBA diving, don. D. Geiger, 28 Mar. 2006; T1616;
Paratypes. South Africa • 2; same data as holotype; T1617;
Scissurella maraisorum Geiger, 2006; original combination.
The shell of the holotype is attached to the gelatine capsule and was not photographed to avoid possible damage. Visual examination confirms that it is the shell illustrated in the original description and larger diameter was measured using ocular micrometer, through the gelatine capsule. There are nine paratypes in other collections (see
doliolum Herbert, 1986: 625–626, figs 9, 28, 30 (holotype), 29, 31 (paratype) [Sinezona, off Mncwasa Point, Transkei (32°06.2'S, 29°06.5'E), 68 m, sand (dredged MN): diameter 0.9 mm, height 1.0 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Mncwasa Point, 32°06.2'S, 29°06.5'E, depth 68 m, station N8; 19 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; sand; T3274;
Paratypes. South Africa • Eastern Cape, off Ubombo, 31°55.3'S, 29°21.4'E, depth 96 m, station L6; 16 Jul. 1982; dredged MN; sand and gravel, T3275;
South Africa • same data as holotype; T3276;
South Africa • 6; Eastern Cape, off Mtamvuna River, 31°08.6'S, 30°15.8'E, depth 106 m, station A11; 18 Aug. 1981; dredged MN some stones; T3277;
Sinezona doliolum Herbert, 1986; original combination.
The damage to the shell of the holotype was first discovered in March 2012 by the first author and the part that was broken off was not located. In the original description the damage cannot be assessed because of the position of the shell. Diameter in the figure captions 28 and 30 in the original description is 0.95 mm.
maraisi Herbert, 1986: 629–631, figs 6, 37, 39 (holotype), 36, 38 (paratype) [Sukashitrochus, Mzamba, Transkei, beach drift (Marais 1976): diameter 1.5 mm, height 1.1 mm].
Holotype. South Africa • Eastern Cape, Mzamba, beach drift; J.P. Marais leg.; Apr. 1976 (don. 6 May 1976; T3271;
Paratypes. South Africa • 2 same data as holotype; T3272;
South Africa • 2 same data as holotype; T3273;
South Africa • 10; Eastern Cape, Mzamba, beach drift; 12–30 May 1986; D. Herbert and R. Kilburn leg.; T3368;
Sukashitrochus dorbignyi (Audouin, 1826);
Diameter in the figure captions 37 and 39 in the original description is 1.45 mm. Four paratypes mentioned in the original description collected at Mzamba, Eastern Cape are in the J. Marais collection and were not examined here.
We would like to thank Adam J. Baldinger for illustrations of type material deposited in The Museum of Comparative Zoology (Cambridge), Christine Zorn and Thomas von Rintelen for illustrations of type material deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde (Berlin), Linda Davis (