Records of the genus Micrambe Thomson , 1863 ( Coleoptera , Cryptophagidae ) from Madagascar and Réunion Island

A study on the genus Micrambe Thomson, 1863 (Coleoptera, Cryptophagidae) from Madagascar and Réunion is presented. Six species are hitherto known from these countries: M. apicalis Grouvelle, M. brevitarsis Bruce, M. consors Grouvelle, M. madagascariensis Grouvelle, M. modesta (Grouvelle), and M. reuninensis Lyubarsky. A new species, M. leonardoi sp. n., is formally described from Boorg-Murat, Réunion Island. A key is presented to enable their identification. Micrambe consors Grouvelle previously known only from Congo is reported here for the first time from Madagascar.


Introduction
A review of the papers on African Cryptophaginae by Bruce (1952Bruce ( , 1959Bruce ( , 1963Bruce ( , 1965)), Grouvelle (1896Grouvelle ( , 1906)), Scott (1935) and Coombs and Goodroffe (1955) shows the great diversity and endemicity of the genera and species of this subfamily of Cryptophagidae.Bruce is the author of some papers on African Cryptophaginae (1957) and, surprisingly, only a few studies (1952,1959,1963,1965) list some of the species of the "island domain of the Indian Ocean" (sensu Paulian 1961).Therefore, the few reviews of species from Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands (description of new species and identification keys) are by Bruce (op. cit), Grouvelle (1896Grouvelle ( , 1906) ) and Lyubarsky (2013).
In general, the male genitalia of Madagascar and Réunion Island species are less valuable as a guide to identity than in the case of European fauna.Although some species are very distinct, many conform to a basic pattern without showing any significantly characteristic features.
As only a limited number of specimens collected in this region have been studied, data are scarce and fragmentary.From some islands (e.g.Comores), it has been possible to examine any material in spite of the collections done either in different scientific studies or individually.Due to this, specimens from these groups could not be collected.As for the species in this region, only scattered data of their capture are known.Thus, only fragmentary data exist on the habitat associations of some species.

Methods
The terminology and the measurements of the new species follow Otero and Lopez (2011): L = length, WL = width/length ratio, E = eccentricity of the eyes (width/half of the length).The width is measured across the widest part of a line joining the anterior and posterior limit of the eye.Length is the maximum length of the eye.L is used for length in dorsal view, W for width and Ø for diameter.
Pronotum (Figs 1, 3) slightly transverse (WL = 1.7).Anterior margin slightly curved; lateral margins converging in a regular curve towards the base.Large callosity (1/3 as long as the side).Callosity face clearly visible from above.Gland pore visible.Callosity margin strong, forming an obtuse angle rearwards and a 31°-32°angle with the body axis.Posterior angles obtuse.Basal groove and foveae present.Punctation less distinct than that of the head; distance between punctures shorter than their diameter (Ø = 0.011-0.016mm).
Elytra 1.5 times longer than wide; wider than pronotum.Punctation more widely spaced than that of the pronotum; distance between punctures longer than their diameter (Ø = 0.011-0.016mm).
Biology.Captured in the months of March, October and November in rain forests.Distribution.Madagascar (Grouvelle 1906).Redescription.Length: 1.9 mm.Body elongated, oval and convex.Yellowish greybrown.Simple pubescence flattened and long (L = 0.036-0.040mm); some erected bristles on the margins and end of the elytra.Metathoracic wings fully developed.
Elytra 2.4 times longer than pronotum.Punctation finer and more scattered than that of the pronotum; distance between punctures greater than puncture diameter (Ø = 0.006-0.010mm). 4 th segment of hind tarsi of males smaller than in individuals of other species.
Pronotum (Figs 9, 11) convex and moderately transverse (WL = 1.8).Anterior margin curved.Lateral margins, from callosity to last third, more or less parallel and converging from here to the base.Large callosity (1/3 of side length) not surpassing the lateral margin of the pronotum.Callosity face visible from above.Gland pore visible, forming an obtuse angle rearwards and a 30°-31°angle with the body axis.Posterior angles obtuse.Basal groove visible.Basal foveae hardly visible.Punctation well-marked and dense; distance between punctures less than puncture diameter (Ø = 0.011-0.012mm).
Elytra three times as long as pronotum.Elytra with finer and more scattered punctation than that of the pronotum.Distance between punctures greater than puncture diameter (Ø = 0.011-0.012mm).
Biology.Adults collected in August, November and December, otherwise nothing else is known about the biology of this species.
Pronotum (Figs 14,16) slightly transverse (WL = 1.7).Anterior margin curved.Large callosity (1/3 of side length), barely protruding from the lateral margin of the pronotum.Callosity face "flattened" on the pronotum and clearly visible dorsally.Gland pore visible; forming an obtuse angle rearwards and a 27°-28°angle with the body axis.Lateral margins parallel until middle area and from there, converging to the base.Posterior angles obtuse.Basal foveae present.Punctation pronounced, dense but less apparent than on the head; distance between punctures less than puncture diameter (Ø = 0.014-0.018mm).
Elytra 3.5 times as long as pronotum.Punctation finer and more scattered than that on the pronotum; distance between punctures greater than puncture diameter (Ø = 0.016-0.018mm).
Elytra with punctation thinner and more scattered than that of the pronotum.Punctures separated by a distance larger than their diameter (Ø =0.0 11-0.013mm).