Despite various historic collections, the Diptera of Lesotho remains understudied. By enhancing the existing collections through targeted field expeditions, a resource for future research has been created. Authors have been invited to publish family accounts of various Diptera known from Lesotho as part of this special collection. Anyone wishing to work on a family should contact the lead editor to arrange the loan of material. While a definitive species list for Lesotho is a continual development, we hope that these preliminary lists will increase awareness about conservation and biodiversity in Lesotho.